Fish / SPECIES GUIDE
Longspine squirrelfish
Candil soldado
Holocentrus rufus
Guide by Captain Big Joe (Joe Arias)
At a glance
Most are around 10 in (25 cm).
From the surface down to 105 ft (32 m).
Nocturnal feeding is documented; it is not proof of a best angling hour.
29 Caribbean areas
Know it
Spot it, size it up and learn its habits.
- Identification
Long preopercular spine; the relatively short upper jaw reaches no farther than the middle of the pupil.
- Physical appearance
Brick-red head, whitish cheek bones and red lines along the upper sides.
- Typical size
Most are around 10 in (25 cm).
- Maximum size
Up to about 14 in (35 cm) long. Source: FishBase
- Diet
At night the longspine squirrelfish feeds on crabs, shrimp, snails and brittle stars.
- Behavior
It lives on clear reefs, staying near the mouths of caves and holes by day and moving to sand and grass beds at night to feed.
Find it
Where, when and how deep to look.
- Where to find it
Found in Puerto Rico. Start on reef edges, ledges, rocky bottom, patch reefs and nearby sand/grass transitions; work the side with moving water and bait. Habitat reference:
- Habitat
Shallow reefs with crevices and ledges.
- Depth
From the surface down to 105 ft (32 m).
- Fishing depth
Start near the bottom or reef edge where the species is observed; adjust until bites show the active level.
- Fishing environments
Shallow reefs with crevices and ledges. This is species-level habitat context, not proof for every linked area.
- Best season
Fish legal open periods and favorable sea conditions; no single month works for every reef species.
- Best time
Nocturnal feeding is documented; it is not proof of a best angling hour.
- Best tides
Moderate moving water is often productive; excessive current may require more weight or a sheltered edge.
- Best weather / conditions
Choose sea state, wind and visibility that let you hold position and handle the fish safely. Avoid treating rough weather as a feeding advantage.
Bait & gear
What to tie on and what to throw.
- Best bait
Small pieces of shrimp, squid, clam or cut bait are common starting baits for many reef species.
- Best artificial lures
Small jigs, soft plastics, spoons or micro-jigs are common choices; use the smallest lure that reaches the zone.
- Tackle setup
Start with light/medium spinning gear, 10–15 lb line, 15–25 lb leader and a #2–1/0 hook or small jig.
- Hook size
About #4 to 2/0 is a practical starting range for small/medium reef fish; scale to mouth size and bait.
- Line
8–20 lb line is a common light-reef starting range; increase around sharp structure.
- Leader
12–30 lb abrasion-resistant mono/fluorocarbon is a common start.
BigJoe's setup for Longspine squirrelfish
The rod, reel and rig BigJoe would drop on the reef.
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Catch it
Step by step, from first cast to landing.
Step-by-step: how to catch it
- Start where the species is most likely to occur: Shallow reefs with crevices and ledges.
- Rig for the habitat and current: Simple dropper, knocker or light jig rig; keep hardware small and use only enough weight to maintain contact.
- Choose an offering that matches the fish and situation. Natural bait: Small pieces of shrimp, squid, clam or cut bait are common starting baits for many reef species. Lures/alternatives: Small jigs, soft plastics, spoons or micro-jigs are common choices; use the smallest lure that reaches the zone.
- Fish it with this starting approach: FAO documents traps, trammel nets. These include historical commercial or incidental catches; they are not ranked as best or assumed legal locally. Presentation: Use small natural offerings and subtle jig movements; pause often near cover.
- Use timing and water movement as adjustments, not guarantees. Time: Nocturnal feeding is documented; it is not proof of a best angling hour. Tide/current: Moderate moving water is often productive; excessive current may require more weight or a sheltered edge.
- Fishing techniques
FAO documents traps, trammel nets. These include historical commercial or incidental catches; they are not ranked as best or assumed legal locally.
- Catch and release
For an ordinary small fish, minimize handling and air exposure, support its body and use a dehooker. Species-specific hazards take precedence.
Clean & cook
Is it good to eat, and how to prepare it.
- Edibility
Longspine squirrelfish has documented food use in the BigJoe catalog/source set. Freshness matters — keep it on ice, and watch for any toxin or mercury advisory.
- Table quality
Firm, sweet white meat, but the fish is small, spiny and bony. Fried whole until crisp it is a tasty snack; otherwise it goes into the soup pot.
- Cleaning
Keep legal catches on ice.
- Cooking suggestions
General idea: bake a portion and use a thermometer to check 63°C / 145°F. This is not a species-specific recipe.
Clean It & Choose Your Cut
Food safety: Food safety: keep seafood cold, prevent cross-contamination, wash hands and tools, and refrigerate promptly.
Recommended cuts
- Skin-on fillet
- Skinless fillet
- Whole cleaned fish
- Steaks for larger fish
Cleaning steps
- Keep the catch cold from the moment it is legally retained.
- Use a clean, stable cutting surface and a sharp dedicated fillet knife.
- Scale first if cooking the fish whole or keeping skin-on portions and the species has scales.
- For fillets, cut behind the gill plate toward the backbone, then follow the backbone toward the tail with controlled strokes.
- Trim ribs and remove pin bones where present; remove skin only if the recipe calls for it.
- Rinse only as needed to remove visible debris, then pat dry; keep the edible portion cold and cook or refrigerate promptly.
Anatomy varies by species. These are general finfish steps, not a species-specific anatomical guarantee.
Cook your catch
Find tested island recipes for your fish, with sides.
Sushi & Japanese Raw/Cooked Options
A fully cooked fish roll with seasoned sushi rice, cucumber and scallion.
Cooked/seared fish served over seasoned rice with cucumber, scallion and sesame.
Eating it raw? Follow FDA raw-seafood safety advice — fresh off the boat isn't enough.
For raw slices, freeze the fish first or use very fresh, well-iced fish.
Stay safe & legal
Safety, rules and taking care of the fishery.
- Safety warnings
Keep hands clear of hooks, spines and the mouth. Consult the release guidance and any species-specific warnings before handling.
- Regulations
No species-specific size, bag or season limits are listed here.
- Conservation
Avoid damaging habitat and follow the local rules below. If it's protected, enjoy the sighting and let it be.
Where it's found & local rules
Tap an island for local spots and rules.
Sources & photo credits
Sources
- BigJoe species list and local rule sources
- FAO Western Central Atlantic, volume 2, PDF pages 606
- FDA — Selecting and serving seafood safely
- FWC — Fish handling and gear
- Common fishing know-how — a good starting point, not a legal rule.
- Smithsonian STRI Shorefishes of the Greater Caribbean — Caribbean biology reference system used for cross-checking.
- NOAA Fisheries — current U.S. Caribbean rules/closures · Puerto Rico DRNA — current territorial rules
- FishBase — Holocentrus rufus species record
Other names: No synonyms recorded.
Tips marked as common know-how come from everyday fishing. They're a starting point — not a safety check, a permit or a guaranteed catch.