Fish
Australian salmon (kahawai)
Salmón australiano (kahawai)
Arripis trutta
At a glance
2–6 lb.
Surface to 130 ft.
Daylight hours, especially early morning and late afternoon.
2 areas
Know it
Spot it, size it up and learn its habits.
- Identification
Not a salmon at all: a torpedo-shaped silver fish with a green-blue back covered in small dark spots, a yellowish pectoral fin and a forked tail. Young fish have brownish bars and spots. Called kahawai in New Zealand.
- Typical size
2–6 lb.
- Maximum size
About 3 ft and 20 lb (9.4 kg).
- Diet
Pilchards, anchovies, krill, whitebait and other small schooling fish.
- Behavior
Fast, hard-fighting fish that travel in big schools along beaches and headlands, often blitzing bait at the surface where birds dive. Jumps when hooked.
Find it
Where, when and how deep to look.
- Where to find it
Found from South-East Australia & Tasmania and New Zealand. Surf beaches, rock platforms, river mouths, harbors and bays from southern NSW to Victoria and Tasmania, and all around New Zealand (kahawai). The related western Australian salmon lives in WA and South Australia.
- Habitat
Surf beaches, rock platforms, river mouths, harbors and bays from southern NSW to Victoria and Tasmania, and all around New Zealand (kahawai). The related western Australian salmon lives in WA and South Australia.
- Depth
Surface to 130 ft.
- Fishing depth
Surface to 20 ft.
- Best season
All year; autumn and winter bring the biggest schools to the beaches in southern Australia, summer in New Zealand.
- Best time
Daylight hours, especially early morning and late afternoon.
- Best tides
The rising tide and the top of the tide, when gutters and holes along the beach fill with water.
- Best weather / conditions
Any weather; a bit of swell and wash on the beach is good.
Bait & gear
What to tie on and what to throw.
- Best bait
Whole or half pilchards on ganged hooks, bluebait, squid strips and surf poppers (a float with a fly).
- Best artificial lures
Metal slices and slugs, small stickbaits, soft plastics and flies.
- Tackle setup
10–12 ft surf rod for the beach; 7 ft medium spinning rod from boats.
- Hook size
3/0–4/0 ganged hooks for pilchards; single hooks on lures make release easier.
- Line
12–20 lb monofilament or braid.
- Leader
20–30 lb monofilament.
BigJoe's setup for Australian salmon (kahawai)
The rod, reel, line and lures BigJoe would use.
Also at Bass Pro Shops: RodReelLineRigSinkerBaitTool
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Catch it
Step by step, from first cast to landing.
Step-by-step: how to catch it
- Go where it lives: Surf beaches, rock platforms, river mouths, harbors and bays from southern NSW to Victoria and Tasmania, and all around New Zealand (kahawai). The related western Australian salmon lives in WA and South Australia.
- Rig up: 10–12 ft surf rod for the beach; 7 ft medium spinning rod from boats. 20–30 lb monofilament.
- Pick your bait: Whole or half pilchards on ganged hooks, bluebait, squid strips and surf poppers (a float with a fly). Lures: Metal slices and slugs, small stickbaits, soft plastics and flies.
- Fish it: Look for gutters and holes on the beach, or follow birds working bait, and cast metals or pilchards into them. From boats, cast lures at surface schools.
- Time it: Daylight hours, especially early morning and late afternoon. The rising tide and the top of the tide, when gutters and holes along the beach fill with water.
- Fishing techniques
Look for gutters and holes on the beach, or follow birds working bait, and cast metals or pilchards into them. From boats, cast lures at surface schools.
- BigJoe's tip
Bleed salmon the moment you land them; it turns a strong fish into good eating.
- Catch and release
Catch and release: wet your hands, keep the fish in the water when you can, and release it quickly. Use circle hooks and a dehooker.
Clean & cook
Is it good to eat, and how to prepare it.
- Edibility
Edible but not prized — strong or bony; many anglers release it.
- Cleaning
Bleed and ice it right away. Fillet, then remove the skin and any dark bloodline.
- Cooking suggestions
Dark, oily meat with a strong taste; bleed and ice it, then smoke it, make fish cakes or cook it fresh on the grill. Also a top bait for sharks and mulloway.
Stay safe & legal
Safety, rules and taking care of the fishery.
- Safety warnings
No teeth or dangerous spines. Rock platforms are deadly in big swell — wear a life jacket and never turn your back on the sea.
- Regulations
Bag limits apply in Australian states and in New Zealand (where kahawai is important to Māori). Check current rules. Rules differ between Australia and New Zealand: NSW, Victoria and Western Australia (boat fishing) require a recreational licence, other Australian states and New Zealand's sea fishing need none, but bag limits, size limits and marine reserves apply everywhere.
- Conservation
A great fish to catch and release on light gear.