Freshwater
Northern snakehead
Pez cabeza de serpiente del norte
Channa argus
At a glance
3–8 lb.
1–10 ft.
Daytime, warm afternoons.
5 areas
Know it
Spot it, size it up and learn its habits.
- Identification
Long, round, tan to brown fish with dark, irregular blotches like a python, a flat snake-like head, a long dorsal fin and long anal fin running along most of the body, and a big mouth full of teeth. Often confused with the native bowfin (bowfin has a short anal fin and a black eyespot on the tail).
- Typical size
3–8 lb.
- Maximum size
About 3 ft and over 17 lb.
- Diet
Fish, frogs, crayfish and anything it can catch.
- Behavior
An air breather that lives in shallow, weedy, slow water and can survive in warm, low-oxygen water; parents fiercely guard a ball of orange fry.
Find it
Where, when and how deep to look.
- Where to find it
Found from Virginia & Chesapeake Bay, Delaware & New Jersey, New York, Long Island & Connecticut, Northeast Lakes & Rivers and Ozarks & Mid-South. Native to China, Korea and the Russian Far East; invasive in the Potomac and Chesapeake Bay tributaries, and found in parts of New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania and Arkansas.
- Habitat
Native to China, Korea and the Russian Far East; invasive in the Potomac and Chesapeake Bay tributaries, and found in parts of New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania and Arkansas.
- Depth
1–10 ft.
- Fishing depth
1–5 ft in weeds, lily pads and creek mouths.
- Best season
Late spring through summer.
- Best time
Daytime, warm afternoons.
- Best tides
On the tidal Potomac, fish the falling tide out of the creeks.
- Best weather / conditions
Hot, sunny days.
Bait & gear
What to tie on and what to throw.
- Best bait
Live minnows under a float where allowed.
- Best artificial lures
Hollow-body frogs, chatterbaits, swim jigs and spinnerbaits over the weeds.
- Tackle setup
Heavy baitcasting rod.
- Hook size
4/0–5/0 frog or swimbait hooks.
- Line
50–65 lb braid.
- Leader
Not needed with braid.
BigJoe's setup for Northern snakehead
The rod, reel, line and lures BigJoe would use.
Also at Bass Pro Shops: RodReelLineFrogsChatterbaitLip grip
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Catch it
Step by step, from first cast to landing.
Step-by-step: how to catch it
- Go where it lives: Native to China, Korea and the Russian Far East; invasive in the Potomac and Chesapeake Bay tributaries, and found in parts of New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania and Arkansas.
- Rig up: Heavy baitcasting rod. Not needed with braid.
- Pick your bait: Live minnows under a float where allowed. Lures: Hollow-body frogs, chatterbaits, swim jigs and spinnerbaits over the weeds.
- Fish it: Work topwater frogs over matted weeds and pads in shallow creeks; snakehead blow up on them like bass.
- Time it: Daytime, warm afternoons. On the tidal Potomac, fish the falling tide out of the creeks.
- Fishing techniques
Work topwater frogs over matted weeds and pads in shallow creeks; snakehead blow up on them like bass.
- BigJoe's tip
If you see a swirling ball of orange fry, a big parent snakehead is right under it.
- Catch and release
Catch and release: wet your hands, keep the fish in the water when you can, and release it quickly. Use circle hooks and a dehooker.
Clean & cook
Is it good to eat, and how to prepare it.
- Edibility
Excellent eating — one of the best-tasting fish in its range.
- Cleaning
Bleed and ice it right away. Fillet, then remove the skin and any dark bloodline.
- Cooking suggestions
Firm, white, mild meat — excellent fried, grilled or in fish tacos. Eating them helps control the invasion.
Stay safe & legal
Safety, rules and taking care of the fishery.
- Safety warnings
Sharp teeth and a strong, slimy body — use a lip grip or net and pliers.
- Regulations
An invasive species: it is illegal to possess or move a live snakehead in most states, and anglers are asked to kill and report every one they catch. Check local rules. Licenses, limits and seasons are set by each province, territory or state, and many lakes and rivers have special size limits, slot limits or closed spawning seasons — check the current regulations for the water you fish.
- Conservation
Invasive: competes with largemouth bass and other native fish. Never release one alive.
Where it's found
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