← Species library

Fish

Roundjaw bonefish (Pacific bonefish, oio)

Macabí del Pacífico (oio)

Albula glossodonta

Saltwater

At a glance

Typical size

3–8 lb; Hawaii and Aitutaki give up fish over 10 lb.

Depth

1–60 ft.

Best time

Daylight hours, especially early morning and late afternoon.

Found in

8 areas

1

Know it

Spot it, size it up and learn its habits.

Identification

A bright silver bonefish with a pointed, overhanging snout, a forked tail and faint dark lines along the back — almost identical to the Caribbean bonefish (macabí), but with a rounder lower jaw and different teeth. Called oio in Hawaii.

Typical size

3–8 lb; Hawaii and Aitutaki give up fish over 10 lb.

Maximum size

About 3 ft and around 19 lb (8.6 kg published; bigger fish reported).

Diet

Crabs, shrimp, clams and worms dug from the sand.

Behavior

Moves onto shallow flats with the tide to feed, tailing and mudding like the Caribbean bonefish; very spooky and fast.

2

Find it

Where, when and how deep to look.

Where to find it

Found from Hawaii, South Pacific Islands & Papua New Guinea, Guam & Northern Mariana Islands, American Samoa, East Africa & Indian Ocean Islands, Indonesia (Bali, Komodo, Raja Ampat, Sulawesi), Philippines and Red Sea & Arabian Gulf (Egypt, Oman, UAE). Sand and coral flats, lagoons and channels: Hawaii (Oahu, Molokai), Christmas Island (Kiritimati), Aitutaki, Palau, the Seychelles and other Indo-Pacific islands.

Habitat

Sand and coral flats, lagoons and channels: Hawaii (Oahu, Molokai), Christmas Island (Kiritimati), Aitutaki, Palau, the Seychelles and other Indo-Pacific islands.

Depth

1–60 ft.

Fishing depth

1–4 ft on flats.

Best season

All year.

Best time

Daylight hours, especially early morning and late afternoon.

Best tides

The incoming and early outgoing tide on the flats.

Best weather / conditions

Bright sun and light wind for spotting fish.

3

Bait & gear

What to tie on and what to throw.

Best bait

Shrimp, crab and squid on a small hook (popular in Hawaii from shore).

Best artificial lures

Small shrimp and crab flies; small jigs.

Tackle setup

8–9 weight fly rod or 7 ft light spinning rod.

Hook size

Size 4–1/0 hooks.

Line

10–15 lb braid with 200 yards of backing.

Leader

10–16 lb fluorocarbon.

4

Catch it

Step by step, from first cast to landing.

Step-by-step: how to catch it

  1. Go where it lives: Sand and coral flats, lagoons and channels: Hawaii (Oahu, Molokai), Christmas Island (Kiritimati), Aitutaki, Palau, the Seychelles and other Indo-Pacific islands.
  2. Rig up: 8–9 weight fly rod or 7 ft light spinning rod. 10–16 lb fluorocarbon.
  3. Pick your bait: Shrimp, crab and squid on a small hook (popular in Hawaii from shore). Lures: Small shrimp and crab flies; small jigs.
  4. Fish it: Wade the flats on the rising tide, spot tailing or cruising fish, lead them by a few feet and strip slowly.
  5. Time it: Daylight hours, especially early morning and late afternoon. The incoming and early outgoing tide on the flats.
Fishing techniques

Wade the flats on the rising tide, spot tailing or cruising fish, lead them by a few feet and strip slowly.

BigJoe's tip

Pacific bonefish are bigger and spookier than many Caribbean fish: make long, soft casts and don't line them.

Catch and release

Catch and release: wet your hands, keep the fish in the water when you can, and release it quickly. Use circle hooks and a dehooker.

5

Clean & cook

Is it good to eat, and how to prepare it.

Edibility

Usually released — a sport fish more than a food fish.

Cooking suggestions

Bony; in Hawaii oio is traditionally scraped and made into fish cakes, but almost all sport-caught fish are released.

6

Stay safe & legal

Safety, rules and taking care of the fishery.

Safety warnings

Sunburn, coral cuts and reef shoes needed; watch for stingrays, stonefish and moray eels on the flats.

Regulations

Hawaii has a minimum size and bag limit for oio; Kiritimati, Aitutaki and Palau are catch-and-release with licensed guides. Listed as vulnerable (IUCN). Check current rules. Rules differ by island: Hawaii, Guam, the Northern Marianas and American Samoa need no license for recreational saltwater fishing, but size and bag limits, closed seasons and marine preserves apply; other Pacific nations require permits, and many reefs belong to villages, so ask permission.

Conservation

Release every bonefish; fishing tourism depends on them.

Sources & photo credits

Sources

  1. FishBase — Albula glossodonta
  2. IUCN Red List — Albula glossodonta
  3. International Game Fish Association (IGFA)
  4. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture
  5. Photo credits